Earworms: caracterizando una imaginación musical cotidiana
DOI:
https://doi.org/10.24215/18530494e073Palabras clave:
earworm, imaginación musical involuntária, memoria musical, musicalidadResumen
Earworms, o Imaginación Musical Involuntaria (Involuntary Musical Imagery, InMI), constituyen una de las formas más difundidas de la imaginación musical, designando la experiencia mental espontánea con fragmentos musicales generalmente melódicos, familiares al individuo y de manera repetitiva. La terminología InMI es imprecisa, ya que puede englobar fenómenos diversos como obsesiones o alucinaciones, mientras que los earworms constituyen una experiencia más específica, cotidiana y no patológica, altamente prevalente, aunque comprendida de manera incipiente. Este trabajo tiene como objetivo discutir (1) la literatura actual sobre el fenómeno, identificando consensos emergentes y puntos controvertidos, (2) ciertas limitaciones metodológicas, y (3) las interpretaciones generalistas corrientes que asocian la experiencia a conceptos cognitivos correlatos. A partir de una revisión narrativa de las investigaciones teóricas y empíricas en los campos de la cognición musical, la psicología y las neurociencias, los resultados muestran que tratar el fenómeno como una mera rememoración involuntaria valida algunos predictores intuitivos, como la exposición musical repetitiva y los desencadenantes asociativos, pero oscurece matices mnemónicos específicos a la cognición musical. El artículo contribuye al entendimiento interdisciplinario de los earworms, ofreciendo conocimientos sobre su naturaleza como una manifestación cotidiana de la musicalidad humana, indicando la existencia de alguna especificidad cognitiva musical para la comprensión del fenómeno.
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