The Thomistic conception of being

The esse ut actus

Authors

  • Brian Pedro Moore Universidad Católica Argentina, Argentina

DOI:

https://doi.org/10.24215/26182858e110

Keywords:

Saint Thomas, being, entity, methaphysics, essence

Abstract

The following article aims to discuss the concept of being in Saint Thomas. To do this, we will make use of the concept of "ens" (being) and its distinction from the concept of "esse" (being as existence). This will lead us to a thematic approach: the centrality of metaphysics, both in relation to ontotheology (Heidegger) and to science as profane knowledge. If being has been concealed by the "ens," it is necessary to return to the heroes of scholastic thought in search of the restitution of its concept.

Saint Thomas was a faithful disciple of Aristotle, but when it came to providing the final word on being, he could not set aside the metaphysical key of Creation. Therefore, without rejecting Aristotle’s idea of being as substance, he surpasses it in depth with his doctrine of being as act. Form (essence) holds primacy in the essential order, but the form itself receives an act: being (existence), without which the "ens" could not come into being. The being of creatures is the supreme act in the metaphysical order and necessarily refers to the Pure Act, whose essence is being, that is, God. The crucial importance of Thomistic doctrine regarding being is emphatically highlighted by E. Gilson: "He had to carry out the dissociation of the notions of form and act. This is precisely what he did, and what is probably still today the greatest contribution ever made by any man to the science of being" [1]

[1] Étienne Gilson, Being and the Philosophers, Pamplona: Eunsa, 1996, p. 228

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References

Aristóteles. (1993). Metafísica. Gredos.

Ferraro, C. (2003). Para un retorno a la metafísica. Ediciones del Verbo Encarnado.

Santo Tomás de Aquino. (1931). Quaestiones Disputatae et Quaestiones Duodecim Quodlibetales. Marietti.

Santo Tomás de Aquino. (1994). Suma Teológica. BAC.

Widow, J. A. (2012). Curso de Metafísica. Globo.

Wolff, C. (1730). Ontología. Renger.

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Published

2025-05-21

How to Cite

Moore, B. P. (2025). The Thomistic conception of being: The esse ut actus. Dios Y El Hombre, 9(1), 110. https://doi.org/10.24215/26182858e110