Digital Payments for Financial Inclusion of vulnerable groups in Argentina: an empirical study on merchants in the neighborhood Padre Carlos Mugica (ex Villa 31-31 bis) of the Ciudad Autónoma de Buenos Aires

Authors

  • Ignacio Esteban Carballo Facultad de Ciencias Económicas, Pontificia Universidad Católica Argentina (UCA), Argentina y Centro de Estudios de la Estructura Económica (CENES), Instituto de Investigaciones Económicas, Consejo Nacional de Investigaciones Científicas y Técnicas de Argentina (CONICET), Facultado de Ciencias Económicas, Universidad de Buenos Aires, Argentina.
  • Mateo Bartolini Facultad de Ciencias Económicas, Universidad de Buenos Aires, Argentina

DOI:

https://doi.org/10.24215/18521649e017

Keywords:

Financial inclusion, digital payments, Fintech, urban settlements, poverty

Abstract

This paper addresses the problem of digital payments and financial inclusion in informal settlement merchants. To this end, an unprecedented quantitative survey was developed and 104 merchants from the Padre Carlos Múgica Neighborhood (ex Villa 31 and 31 bis) in the City of Buenos Aires, Argentina, were interviewed. Our findings claim the enormous potential to include financially through digital payments. Mobile is highlighted as the main sources of access to the digital world, but also highlight the lack of security and trust in this technology. Our result shows a multiplier effect on businesses that accept digital payments in relation to other dimensions of financial inclusion and provides information on what are the main incentives that low-income merchants receive to adopt or be interested in starting to accept digital payments in their businesses.

Downloads

Download data is not yet available.

Metrics

Metrics Loading ...

Author Biographies

Ignacio Esteban Carballo, Facultad de Ciencias Económicas, Pontificia Universidad Católica Argentina (UCA), Argentina y Centro de Estudios de la Estructura Económica (CENES), Instituto de Investigaciones Económicas, Consejo Nacional de Investigaciones Científicas y Técnicas de Argentina (CONICET), Facultado de Ciencias Económicas, Universidad de Buenos Aires, Argentina.

Ignacio E. Carballo es economista y magíster en Historia Económica y de las Políticas Económicas por la Universidad de Buenos Aires, magíster por la Universidad Autónoma de Madrid del Máster Internacional en Microfinanzas e Inclusión Financiera, Experto en Políticas de Inclusión Financiera (CEFIP) y Experto en Microfinanzas (CEMF) por la Frankfurt School of Finance & Management, Alemania. Director del Ecosistema de Programas Fintech en Escuela de Negocios, Pontificia Universidad Católica Argentina (UCA), e investigador en el Centro de Estudios de la Estructura Económica (CENES) de la FCE-UBA.

Mateo Bartolini, Facultad de Ciencias Económicas, Universidad de Buenos Aires, Argentina

Mateo Bartolini es Economista de la Universidad de Buenos Aires. Realizó una pasantía en Bangladesh en el Banco Grameen de Muhammad Yunus y fue invitado a exponer sobre microfinanzas en la Embajada Argentina en India y en la Universidad The New School, en Nueva York. Ganó la Mención de Honor del concurso de ensayos universitarios del G-20 y obtuvo la certificación de VPAL de Harvard en desarrollo Fintech. Durante 2018 y 2019 se desempeñó en la Dirección de Integración Económica de la Secretaria de Integración Social del GCBA. En 2020 asumió la Gerencia General del Foncap.

References

Allen F., Demirguc-Kunt A., Klapper L. & Peria, M. S. M. (2016). The foundations of financial inclusion: understanding ownership and use of formal accounts. Journal Financial Intermediation, 27, 1–30.

Alliance for Financial Inclusion (2016). 2016 Maya declaration report: Celebrating five years of advancing global financial inclusion. Kuala Lumpur, Malaysia. Retrieved from: https://www.afi-global.org/publications/2359/The-2016-Maya-Declaration-Report

Alliance for Financial Inclusion (2017). Guideline Note No.28, ‘Defining Financial Inclusion’, July 2017 https://www.afi-global.org/sites/default/files/publications/2017-07/FIS_GN_28_AW_digital.pdf

Armendáriz, B., & Morduch, J. (2010). The economics of microfinance. Estados Unidos: MIT Press.

Arner, D. W., Barberis, J., & Buckey, R. P. (2017). FinTech, RegTech, and the reconceptualization of financial regulation. Northwestern Journal of International Law & Business, 37(3), 371-413.

Banartzi, Shlomo and Richard Thaler (2004). Save more tomorrow: Using behavioral economics to increase employee saving. Journal of Political Economy, 112(S1), S164–S187

Benartzi, S., & Lehrer, J. (2017). The smarter screen: Surprising ways to influence and improve online behavior. Penguin.

Berkmen, P., Beaton, M. K., Gershenson, M. D., del Granado, M. J. A., Ishi, K., Kim, M., ... & Rousset, M. M. V. (2019). Fintech in Latin America and the Caribbean: Stocktaking. International Monetary Fund.

Bhargava, S., Conell-Price, L., Mason, R. & Benartzi, S. (2018). Save(d) by Design. Recuperado de https://doi.org/10.2139/ssrn.3237820

BID y Finnovista (2018). Fintech: América Latina 2018: Crecimiento y consolidación. Banco Interamericano de Desarrollo.

Bosch-Liarte, J., & Bosch-Liarte, J. (2016). Radiografía del Fintech: clasificación, recopilación y análisis de las principales startups (Tesis de maestría). Recuperado de https://upcommons.upc.edu/handle/2117/97361

Brasel, S. & Gips, J. (2014). Tablets, touchscreens, and touchpads: How varying touch interfaces trigger psychological ownership and endowment. Journal of Consumer Psychology, 24(2), 226-233. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jcps.2013.10.003

Carballo I.E, Schvarztein D.E (2019, en prensa). Inclusión Financiera en el Barrio 31: nueva evidencia empírica mediante encuesta multidimensional. Nota de prensa aquí https://www.lanacion.com.ar/economia/radiografia-excluidos-del-sector-financiero-nid2174548

Carballo I.E. (2018) Financial Inclusion in Latin America. In: Farazmand A. (eds) Global Encyclopedia of Public Administration, Public Policy, and Governance. Springer, Cham

Crockett, A. (1997). Why is financial stability a goal of public policy?. Economic Review-Federal Reserve Bank of Kansas City, 82(4), 5.

De Sousa, M. M. (2015). Financial inclusion and global regulatory standards: An empirical study across developing economies.

Dema, E. (2015). Managing the twin responsibilities of financial inclusion and financial stability. Applied Financial Economics, 12, 159-70.

Demirgüç-Kunt, A., Klapper, L. F., Singer, D., & Van Oudheusden, P. (2015). The global findex database 2014: Measuring financial inclusion around the world. The Wolrd Bank

Demirguc-Kunt, A., Klapper, L., Singer, D., Ansar, S., y Hess, J. (2018). The Global Findex Database 2017: measuring financial inclusion and the Fintech revolution. The World Bank.

Demirguc-Kunt, A., Klapper, L., y Singer, D. (2017). Financial inclusion and inclusive growth: A review of recent empirical evidence. The World Bank.

Gabor, D., & Brooks, S. (2017). The digital revolution in financial inclusion: international development in the fintech era. New Political Economy, 22(4), 423-436.

Gopinath, Shreyas, Justin Oliver, Supriyo Bhattacharya, R.R. Kulkarni (2010), “Putting Money in Motion: How Much Do Migrants Pay for Domestic Transfers?” IFMR and Reserve Bank of India College for Agricultural Banking Working Paper.

GPFI (2010). Principles for Innovative Financial Inclusion

GPFI (2016). Global Standard-Setting Bodies and Financial Inclusion: The Evolving Landscape.

Khan, J. (2011). Cash or card: Consumer perceptions of payment modes (Doctoral dissertation, Auckland University of Technology).

Klapper, L., El-Zoghbi , M., & Hess, J. (2016). Achieving the Sustainable Development Goals: The Role of Financial Inclusion. Washington, DC: CGAP.

Lacalle Calderon, M., y Rico Garrido, S. (2008). Microcreditos y pobreza: De un sueño al nobel de la paz.

Madrian, B., Hershfield, H., Sussman, A., Bhargava, S., Burke, J., Huettel, S., Jamison, J., Johnson, E., Lynch, J., Meier, S., Rick, S. & Shu, S. (2017). Behaviorally informed policies for household financial decisionmaking. Behavioral Science & Policy, 3(1), 26-40. https://doi.org/10.1353/bsp.2017.0003

Madrian, B. C. and Shea, D. F. (2001). The power of suggestion: Inertia in 401(k) participation and savings behavior. The Quarterly Journal of Economics. 116(4), 1149-1525.

Mangen, A., Walgermo, B. & Brønnick, K. (2013). Reading linear texts on paper versus computer screen: Effects on reading comprehension. International journal of educational research, 58, 61-68. Recuperado de https://shlyahta.com.ua/wp-content/uploads/mangen_a_2013_reading_linear_texts_on_paper_ve_14552.pdf

Marston, M. D. (2001). Financial System Standards and Financial Stability: The Case of Basel Core Principles (No. 1-62). International Monetary Fund.

Mirsch, T., Lehrer, C. & Jung, R. (2017). Digital Nudging : Altering User Behavior in Digital Environments. In Proceedings of the 13th International Conference on Wirtschaftsinformatik (WI) 2017 (pp. 634-648). Atlanta, GA: Association for Information Systems. AIS Electronic Library (AISeL).

Palacio Garcés, R. A., (2017). La convergencia del FinTech, LawTech & RegTech: Panorama global de aprendizaje para Ameríca Latina. Felaban

Radcliffe, D., & Voorhies, R. (2012). A Digital Pathway to Financial Inclusion. Available at SSRN 2186926.

Rojas, L. (2016). La Revolución de las empresas FinTech y el futuro de la Banca. Disrupción tecnológica en el sector financiero. Serie Políticas Públicas y Transformación Productiva, Banco de Desarrollo de América Latina.

Rudd, K. (2009). The global financial crisis. Monthly, The, (Feb 2009), 20.

Runnemark, E., Hedman, J., & Xiao, X. (2015). Do consumers pay more using debit cards than cash?. Electronic Commerce Research and Applications, 14(5), 285-291.

Scott, B. (2013). The heretic's guide to global finance: hacking the future of money. London: Pluto Press.

Sehtman, A. (2009). La reproducción política de la precariedad urbana. El caso de la Villa 31 (1996-2007). Tesis de Maestría en Políticas Públicas y Gerenciamiento del Desarrollo, Georgetown University.

Silva, A., & Ramos, M. (2017). La evolución del Sector Fintech, modelos de negocio, regulación y retos. Documento de coyuntura 2017-02. Recuperado de https://bit.ly/2IUjHYY

Torres Blázquez, R. (2017). Incorporación de las Nuevas Tecnologías al negocio bancario en España: impacto de las" Fintech".

Trivelli Ávila, C., & Caballero Calle, E. (2018). ¿Cerrando brechas?: Las estrategias nacionales de inclusión financiera en América Latina y el Caribe. Lima: Instituto de Estudios Peruanos, IEP.

United Nations. (2015). Transforming our world: The 2030 Agenda for Sustainable Development https://sustainabledevelopment.un.org/post2015/transformingourworld

Vohs, K. D. and Faber, R. J. (2007). Spent Resources: Self-Regulatory Resource Availability Affects Impulse Buying. Journal of Consumer Research, 33(4), 537-548.

Vohs, K. D., Baumeiste, R. F., Schmeichel, B. J., Twenge, J. M., Nelson, N. M., and Tice, D. M. (2008). Making Choices Impairs Subsequent Self-Control: A Limited-Resource Account of Decision Making, Self-Regulation, and Active Initiative. Journal of Personality and Social Psychology, 94(5), 883–898.

Wright, G. and Mutesasira, L. (2001). The Relative Risks of Informal Savings. MicroSave Research Paper.

Published

2020-12-30

How to Cite

Carballo, I. E., & Bartolini, M. (2020). Digital Payments for Financial Inclusion of vulnerable groups in Argentina: an empirical study on merchants in the neighborhood Padre Carlos Mugica (ex Villa 31-31 bis) of the Ciudad Autónoma de Buenos Aires. Económica, 66, 017. https://doi.org/10.24215/18521649e017

Issue

Section

Articles