Trayectorias hormonales asociadas con la edad a la menarca y el aumento de peso en niñas originarias Qom/Toba
DOI:
https://doi.org/10.24215/18536387e106Palabras clave:
obesidad, péptido C, pubertad, testosterona, velocidad de crecimientoResumen
En este estudio exploratorio, analizamos las trayectorias hormonales y de crecimiento de 61 niñas de origen Qom/Toba, de entre 8 y 14 años, pertenecientes a una comunidad periurbana de Formosa, Argentina. Se tomaron medidas mensuales de peso y talla y se recolectaron ocho muestras de orina cada tres meses hasta la menarca informada o el final del estudio. Las muestras de orina se analizaron mediante inmunoensayo enzimático para determinar niveles de testosterona y péptido C. Se emplearon modelos bayesianos de Gompertz para generar parámetros predichos de crecimiento hormonal y antropométrico utilizados en el análisis estadístico. Los resultados del modelo sugieren que la menarca temprana y una mayor velocidad general del índice de masa corporal (IMC) durante la pubertad están relacionadas con incrementos rápidos en el péptido C en las primeras etapas de la pubertad, pero no con niveles iniciales más altos de estas variables. Se predijo que la mayoría de las niñas mantendrían su estado inicial de IMC a lo largo de la pubertad, mientras que un 10% cambiaría de sobrepeso a un estado saludable y un 15% de saludable a sobrepeso u obesidad. Ni la talla adulta prevista ni la velocidad de crecimiento mostraron una asociación estadísticamente significativa con la velocidad del IMC, aunque la velocidad de crecimiento se correlacionó positivamente con los niveles de péptido C y testosterona hasta los 11 años. Estos hallazgos destacan la importancia de contar con datos longitudinales para comprender los patrones heterogéneos de crecimiento puberal y los riesgos asociados de obesidad dentro de las poblaciones y entre ellas.
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