Explorando la utopía de la justicia restaurativa en la Corte Penal Internacional

Carlos Gil Gandía

doi:10.24215/2618303Xe073

Authors

Carlos Gil Gandía Universidad de Las Palmas de Gran Canaria, España https://orcid.org/0000-0002-0325-6517

DOI:

https://doi.org/10.24215/2618303Xe073

Keywords:

victims, reparation, reconciliation, punishment

Abstract

International criminal justice has, since World War II, focused on punishing those responsible for the crimes committed, giving victims a secondary role as witnesses. The Rome Statute has introduced a change by acknowledging victims' right to take on an active role in the process and to receive reparation, which has signaled a movement towards a more inclusive model. This approach has limitations, though, given that the system still focuses on retribution rather than on reparation and even less so on reconciliation. Restorative justice arises, then, as an alternative option seeking not only to punish but also to repair the damage caused and to restore the social network. This approach, which was proposed in such cases as Lubanga's, highlights victims' direct participation in both reparations and dialogs with offenders, thus encouraging reconciliation. Despite such advances as participation in the process and the creation of the Fund, the International Criminal Court faces challanges when attempting to implement a holistic restorative model. In order to move forward, certain reforms are proposed which may strengthen victims' roles duting all stages in the process, including restorative justice procedural mechanisms. These steps would be key to turn international criminal justice into an effective system in terms of victim-offender symmetry, thus leading to peace-making and non-repetition of crimes.

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Author Biography

Carlos Gil Gandía, Universidad de Las Palmas de Gran Canaria, España

Doctor en Derecho Internacional Público y Relaciones Internacionales por la Universidad de Murcia. Profesor de derecho internacional y relaciones internacionales de la Universidad de Las Palmas de Gran Canaria. Miembro del Ateneo Republicano Blasco Ibáñez, del Colegio de Abogados de Madrid y de la Asociación Española de Profesores de Derecho Internacional y Relaciones Internacionales. Colabora en varios medios de comunicación, destacando su podscat dominical en «Campo de Retamas», Radio Murcia de la Cadena SER. Autor del libro La reparación de las víctimas de crímenes internacionales y la Corte Penal Internacional (2020).

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