Hospedadores silvestres en Argentina de los géneros Sarcocystis, Toxoplasma, Neospora y Cryptosporidium

Marina Runco; María Laura Gos; María Laura Guichón; Lucía María Campero; María Cecilia Venturini

doi:10.24215/15142590e091

Autores/as

Marina Runco Universidad Nacional de La Plata, Consejo Nacional de Investigaciones Científicas y Técnicas (CONICET), Argentina https://orcid.org/0009-0002-8757-8122
María Laura Gos Universidad Nacional de La Plata, Argentina https://orcid.org/0000-0002-3797-1762
María Laura Guichón Consejo Nacional de Investigaciones Científicas y Técnicas (CONICET), Argentina https://orcid.org/0000-0001-9615-4490
Lucía María Campero Instituto Nacional de Tecnología Agropecuaria, Consejo Nacional de Investigaciones Científicas y Técnicas (CONICET), Argentina https://orcid.org/0000-0002-5566-079X
María Cecilia Venturini Universidad Nacional de La Plata, Argentina https://orcid.org/0000-0002-9750-0284

DOI:

https://doi.org/10.24215/15142590e091

Palabras clave:

especies silvestres, Argentina, protozoarios apicomplejos

Resumen

Los parásitos apicomplejos utilizan diversos vertebrados como hospedadores, incluido el ser humano. La detección de estos protozoarios en la fauna silvestre evidencia la contaminación biológica del medio y la existencia de ciclos silvestres, lo que relacionaría su contacto con animales domésticos/seres humanos, debido al avance antropogénico sobre los ambientes naturales. El objetivo del presente trabajo consistió en recopilar información sobre estudios parasitológicos, serológicos y moleculares de los géneros Sarcocystis, Toxoplasma, Neospora y Cryptosporidium en especies de la fauna silvestre presente en Argentina. Se seleccionaron 48 trabajos en los que se analizaron especies silvestres de roedores, cánidos, cérvidos, marsupiales, primates, camélidos sudamericanos, cingulados, félidos, mustélidos, suinos, herpéstidos, lagomorfos, aves psitaciformes y gecónidos. El género parasitario reportado en mayor cantidad de provincias fue Sarcocystis, seguido de T. gondii, N. caninum y por último, Cryptosporidium. La condición de vida libre o en cautiverio y los hábitos etológicos de los animales silvestres, entre otros factores, influyeron en la dinámica de la interacción parásito-hospedador y en la presentación de estas infecciones.

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