Ethnic variation in stunting and its concomitant factors among indigenous preschool children of Purulia district, West Bengal, India

Shiule Gope; Sadaruddin Biswas

doi:10.24215/18536387e114

Autores/as

Shiule Gope Sidho-Kanho-Birsha University, India https://orcid.org/0009-0007-9361-4077
Sadaruddin Biswas Sidho-Kanho-Birsha University, India https://orcid.org/0000-0002-9315-3641

DOI:

https://doi.org/10.24215/18536387e114

Palabras clave:

etnicidad, India, estado nutricional, preescolares

Resumen

Este estudio tuvo como objetivo investigar las variaciones en la prevalencia del retraso del crecimiento por edad, sexo y origen étnico, así como sus factores asociados. El presente estudio transversal se llevó a cabo en tres bloques del distrito de Purulia, centrándose en niños de dos grupos étnicos distintos (Kurmi y Sabar). Se investigó un total de 701 participantes (niños: 372; niñas: 329) de las comunidades Kurmi (377) y Sabar (324), dentro del grupo de edad de 1 a 5 años. El estado de retraso del crecimiento de los niños se evaluó en función de la estatura utilizando los valores de puntuación Z recomendados por la OMS. La tasa general de retraso del crecimiento fue del 58,2%, y los niños Sabar (75%) tuvieron una tasa de retraso del crecimiento significativamente mayor que los Kurmi (43,77%) (χ² = 69,87, p < ,001). También se observó una asociación significativa entre la prevalencia del retraso del crecimiento y las variables socioconductuales. El análisis de regresión logística binaria (BLR, por sus siglas en inglés) reveló que el peso al nacer es un predictor significativo del retraso del crecimiento entre los niños Kurmi (Wald = 16,08, p < ,001). El estado de alimentación con calostro también fue un predictor significativamente fuerte del mismo, con independencia del sexo, entre los niños Kurmi (Wald = 18,56, p < ,001). El número de hermanos (Wald = 9,75, p < ,001) fue un predictor entre los niños estudiados; más específicamente, entre las niñas Kurmi (Wald = 7,71, p < ,05). De manera similar, entre los niños Sabar se encontró que el orden de nacimiento era un predictor significativo de retraso en el crecimiento (Wald = 8,71, p < ,01). Además, se encontró que el origen étnico (Wald = 37,96, p < ,001) era el predictor más fuerte del retraso del crecimiento después de controlar los efectos de todas las demás variables socioconductuales. El estudio reveló una variación étnica en el impacto de los determinantes socioconductuales en el retraso del crecimiento entre los niños analizados, con diferentes características sociodemográficas y conductuales que sirven como predictores importantes del retraso del crecimiento.

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Biografía del autor/a

Shiule Gope, Sidho-Kanho-Birsha University, India

PhD Scholar, Department of Anthropology and Tribal Studies, Sidho Kanho Birsha University, Purulia, West Bengal, 723104, India

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