Variação étnica sobre a baixa estatura para a idade e seus fatores concomitantes entre as crianças indigenas em idade pré-escolar indígenas do distrito de Purulia, West Bengal, Índia
DOI:
https://doi.org/10.24215/18536387e114Palavras-chave:
etnia, Índia, estado nutricional, pré-escolaResumo
Este estudo teve como objetivo investigar variações na prevalência de baixa estatura por idade, sexo e etnia, bem como seus fatores associados. O presente estudo transversal foi realizado em três quarteirões do distrito de Purulia, com foco em crianças de dois grupos étnicos distintos (Kurmi e Sabar). Um total de 701 participantes (meninos: 372; meninas: 329) das comunidades Kurmi (377) e Sabar (324) foram incorporados a essa pesquisa, compreendendo a faixa etária de 1 a 5 anos. O estado de baixa estatura para a idade das crianças foi avaliado com base na altura, utilizando os valores do escore Z recomendados pela OMS. A taxa global de baixa estatura para a idade foi de 58,2%, e as crianças Sabar (75%) tiveram uma taxa significativamente mais elevada do que as Kurmi (43,77%) (χ2 = 69,87, p < ,001). Revelou-se também que houve associação significativa entre a prevalência de baixa estatura e variáveis sociocomportamentais. A análise de regressão logística binária revelou que o peso ao nascer foi um preditor significativo de baixa estatura para a idade entre os meninos Kurmi (Wald = 16,08, p < ,001). O estado de alimentação com colostro também foi um preditor significativamente forte do mesmo, independentemente do sexo, entre as crianças Kurmi (Wald = 18,56, p < ,001). O número de irmãos (Wald = 9,75, p < ,001) foi, também, um preditor entre as crianças estudadas; mais especificamente, foi um preditor entre as meninas Kurmi (Wald = 7,71, p < ,05). Da mesma forma, entre as crianças Sabar, a ordem de nascimento foi considerada um preditor significativo de nanismo (Wald = 8,71, p < ,01). Além disso, verificou-se que a origem étnica (Wald = 37,96, p < ,001) foi o preditor mais forte de baixa estatura para a idade após controlar os efeitos de todas as outras variáveis sociocomportamentais. O estudo revelou uma variação étnica no impacto dos determinantes sociocomportamentais sobre a situação de nanismo entre as crianças estudadas, com diferentes características sociodemográficas e comportamentais servindo como preditores significativos de nanismo.
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