Patologías orales de origen infeccioso en individuos del sitio La Falda (noroeste argentino): Implicaciones de una economía de subsistencia agropastoril en momentos del contacto hispano-indígena inicial

Ingrid Boasso; Lila Bernardi; Mario Alberto Arrieta

doi:10.24215/18536387e079

Authors

Ingrid Boasso Universidad Nacional de Río Cuarto, Argentina https://orcid.org/0009-0008-1143-5575
Lila Bernardi Universidad Nacional de Río Cuarto, Argentina https://orcid.org/0000-0002-1763-6414
Mario Alberto Arrieta Consejo Nacional de Investigaciones Científicas y Técnicas (CONICET), Universidad Nacional de Río Cuarto, Argentina https://orcid.org/0000-0002-0236-4655

DOI:

https://doi.org/10.24215/18536387e079

Keywords:

caries, periapical lesions, paleopathology, diet

Abstract

Caries and periapical lesions are chronic infectious processes of multifactorial etiology. Both pathologies provide pertinent information to reconstruct the diet, food preparation methods, and oral hygiene of past societies. This work proposes the analysis of cariogenic and periapical lesions in 25 individuals from La Falda site (1441-1635 years AD), in order to contribute to the evaluation of the oral health status of this skeletal series. The prevalence of caries recorded was 21.55% of the teeth, affecting 80% of the individuals analyzed. Periapical lesions were observed in approximately 5% of tooth sockets, which correspond to 36% of the individuals analyzed. The teeth most affected by caries were molars, while periapical lesions were registered mainly in canines. Females and middle/older adults had the highest prevalence of both pathologies. The prevalence of caries indicates that the individuals in this population had a diet rich in carbohydrates, as expected in agro-pastoral societies. On the other hand, the low prevalence of periapical lesions suggests that the expression of this pathology would not be related to caries, but rather to factors that were not possible to identify. Finally, both pathologies manifested with higher prevalence in females, and therefore it is proposed that individuals of this sex were more exposed to infectious oral diseases, probably due to a differential access to food, physiological factors, or poorer oral hygiene.

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