Influencia del estatus socioeconómico (SES) sobre la variabilidad antropométrica en estudiantes universitarios del País Vasco (España) / Influence of socioeconomic status in anthropometric variability in university students (Basque Country, Spain)

Autores/as

  • Esther Rebato
  • María J. Muñoz-Cachón

Resumen

Los estudios sobre el impacto del estatus socioeconómico (SES) en las dimensiones corporales tienen una amplia tradición científica, ya que la variabilidad y evolución de estas son un reflejo del bienestar poblacional. El objetivo de este trabajo es estudiar el efecto del nivel socioeconómico (SES) sobre un conjunto de variables antropométricas que describen el tamaño, la forma y la composición corporal, en una muestra de 1105 estudiantes universitarios de ambos sexos (18 a 33 años de edad), residentes en el País Vasco. El nivel socioeconómico (SES) de cada individuo se evaluó a partir de la profesión y nivel de estudios de sus progenitores, y su influencia sobre las dimensiones antropométricas se analizó con metodología multivariada. El SES influyó notablemente sobre la estatura (en particular la profesión paterna) y la circunferencia de la cadera en ambos sexos. En los varones, el índice de masa corporal (IMC), el porcentaje de grasa (%G) y la endomorfia también están influenciados por el SES. En general, los individuos de mayor nivel socioeconómico son más altos, tienen menores valores del IMC y de las variables de adiposidad, y una morfología más longilínea. Destaca la mayor sensibilidad de los fenotipos masculinos frente a los indicadores de tipo socioeconómico y la menor variabilidad antropométrica de las mujeres respecto a dichos factores.

Palabras clave: nivel social (SES); rasgos antropométricos; somatotipo antropométrico

Studies on the impact of socioeconomic status (SES) on body dimensions have an extensive scientific tradition, since their variability and evolution are a reflection of population welfare. The aim of this work is to study theeffect of socioeconomic status (SES) on several anthropometric traits describing size, shape, and body composition, in a sample of 1105college students of both sexes (18-33 years old) living in the Basque Country. Socioeconomic status (SES) of each individual was estimated from their parents’ profession and educational level, and its influenceon anthropometric dimensions was analyzed with multivariate methodology.SES significantly influenced height (in particular the father profession) and hip circumference in both sexes. In males, body mass index (BMI), body fat percentage (%BF), and endomorphy were also influenced by SES. In general, individuals of higher socioeconomic status are taller, have lower values of BMI and of adiposity variables, and a more longilinear morphology. The greater sensitivity of male phenotypes in relation to socioeconomic indicators and the low anthropometric variability of women regarding these factors are to be noted.

Keywords: socioeconomic status (SES); anthropological traits; anthropometric somatotype

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14.03.2016

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Rebato, E., & Muñoz-Cachón, M. J. (2016). Influencia del estatus socioeconómico (SES) sobre la variabilidad antropométrica en estudiantes universitarios del País Vasco (España) / Influence of socioeconomic status in anthropometric variability in university students (Basque Country, Spain). Revista Argentina De Antropología Biológica, 18(1). Recuperado a partir de https://revistas.unlp.edu.ar/raab/article/view/2223

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