Water quality for irrigation in rivers and streams of central Santa Cruz (Southern Continental Patagonia, Argentina)

Authors

DOI:

https://doi.org/10.24215/16699513e156

Keywords:

agriculture, hydrochemistry, hydrology, water suitability

Abstract

The regions of the Chico river, Chalia river and Santa Cruz river, in Santa Cruz province, lack documented records on the suitability of their waters for irrigation. In this work, we analyzed and classified the suitability of different rivers and streams of the center of the province of Santa Cruz for this use. Surface water samples from 121 locations distributed in 25 courses were collected and analyzed in the laboratory during the summer (dry season) and late winter and the beginning of spring (wet season), between 2017 and 2020. The concentration of major cations and anions of agricultural interest was used for the calculation of 4 salinity risk indices (Specific Electrical Conductivity -SEC-, Total Dissolved Solids, Potential Salinity and Effective Salinity) and four sodicity indicators (Sodium Adsorption Ratio -SAR-, Adjusted SAR, Soluble Sodium Percentage and Residual Sodium Carbonate). All waters showed a pH that ranged between 7.4 and 8.3 with little seasonal variability. The dominant cations were Ca2+ and Na+, with HCO3- being the main anion. The salinity indices showed waters with low risk for use in irrigation, with ​​mostly SEC values under 250 µS/cm. The combined risk indicators of sodicity and salinity were generally low with a few exceptions, demonstrating great potential for use in irrigation of these waters to produce crops, vegetables and pastures. However, there is a potential negative impact on the structural soil stability and soil permeability mainly due to the relative concentration of Na+ that must be taken into consideration for the implementation of irrigation projects.

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Published

2025-11-04

How to Cite

Díaz, B. G., Acuña, A. J., Bertinat, M., Almonacid, L. R., Bertoni, O., Quiroga, J. J., & Peri, P. L. (2025). Water quality for irrigation in rivers and streams of central Santa Cruz (Southern Continental Patagonia, Argentina). Journal of the Agronomy College, 124(1), e156. https://doi.org/10.24215/16699513e156