El modelo sobre daño en Musicoterapia

Autores/as

  • Brea Murakami Pacific University, Estados Unidos
  • Alvaro Lemos Universidad de Buenos Aires, Argentina

DOI:

https://doi.org/10.24215/27186199e028

Palabras clave:

musicoterapia, daño, efectos negativos, efectos adversos, modelo teórico

Resumen

Las y los investigadores y musicoterapeutas clínicos han discutido ampliamente los beneficios de la Musicoterapia, pero han ignorado largamente el potencial daño que puede surgir al interior de las sesiones. Este importante tema puede estar siendo ignorado dada su complejidad, ya que definir y entender los efectos negativos de la música y la Musicoterapia son tareas desafiantes. Sin embargo, la Musicoterapia podría progresar en diversos frentes (por ejemplo, a nivel del reconocimiento estatal, de los estándares educacionales) al examinar los efectos potencialmente dañinos de las intervenciones basadas en la música. Las referencias a instancias de daño en la literatura en Musicoterapia son esporádicas e imprecisas, tal vez debido a que el campo carece de una estructura teórica para organizar un tema tan complejo. El presente artículo presenta el “Modelo sobre daño en Musicoterapia” (Music Therapy and Harm Model, a partir de ahora MTHM, por sus siglas en inglés), el cual apunta a conceptualizar seis fuentes potenciales de daño en la práctica clínica en Musicoterapia. Específicamente, estas fuentes potenciales incluyen: 1) la música presentada, 2) el/la musicoterapeuta, 3) la aplicación terapéutica de la música, 4) la relación terapéutica, 5) asociaciones específicas del paciente, 6) factores ecológicos. En este artículo se ilustra cada una de estas fuentes con ejemplos de daño, ya sea físico o psicológicos. Además, se hipotetiza que estos mismos factores actúan como elementos protectores que permiten al musicoterapeuta remediar ocurrencias de daño y promover la resiliencia en su paciente frente a experiencias negativas con la musicoterapia. El modelo MTHM es luego conceptualizado a partir de una revisión de la literatura sobre el tema del daño en la práctica de la musicoterapia, en conjunto con investigación relacionada, del campo de la psicoterapia. Finalmente, este artículo destaca las implicancias clínicas, educacionales, sobre “promoción y jerarquización de la Musicoterapia (1)”, e investigativas del modelo MTHM.

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Publicado

2022-09-13

Cómo citar

Murakami, B., & Lemos, A. (2022). El modelo sobre daño en Musicoterapia. ECOS - Revista Científica De Musicoterapia Y Disciplinas Afines, 7, 028. https://doi.org/10.24215/27186199e028

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