Detection and molecular characterization of SARS-CoV-2 in animals
DOI:
https://doi.org/10.24215/26838559e014Keywords:
coronavirus, SARS-CoV-2, animals, zoonosis, COVID-19Abstract
The zoonotic origin of the SARS-CoV-2 has raised the necessity to monitor and control the virus in domestic and wild animals to determine the possible role of the animals as carriers, reservoirs and / or virus amplifiers. Studies to understand the susceptibility of different animals to SARS-CoV-2 and to evaluate the dynamics of the infection, identification of the possible reservoirs and / or transmitters, are fundamental tools for the surveillance of the pandemic. The design of specific protocols for the epidemiological survey and for taking samples of pets belonging to positive COVID-19 owners began the work.
The goals of the project involve the diagnosis and epidemiological control of SARS-CoV-2 in animals that live with infected people, the analysis of the potential infectivity of the virus and the role that animals play in the pandemic. These studies are an instrument that will allow us to know the infectivity of the virus in different hosts and its implications in the transmission and perpetuation of the disease.
The project began with the design of protocols for animal sampling, defining a suspected case and specifying how a particular veterinarian should proceed when asked by the positive SARS-CoV-2 owners. Said protocol was published by the Veterinary College of the Buenos Aires Province (District II). An informed agreement was created, approved by the Institutional Commission for the Care and Use of Laboratory Animals (CICUAL). The agreement is signed by those responsible for the animals and the project director, approving to take samples. On the other hand, the zoonosis area dependent on the National Ministry of Health adopted the protocols and is working on the implementation of an epidemiological surveillance system. The project contents and objectives was distributed in various media, allowing those SARS-CoV-2 owners diagnosed positive to communicate with members of the project for consultations and coordination for pets sampling.
To August 31, rectal and oropharyngeal swabs were collected from 15 canines and 11 felines, all in close contact with people diagnosed positive for SARS-CoV-2. In addition, samples were collected from a chimpanzee from Ecopaque La Plata. Once in the laboratory, the RNA was extracted from the samples using a commercial kit, and the molecular diagnosis by real-time RT-PCR was carried out adapting commercial kits. The samples tested were non-reactive to the specific targets of SARS-CoV-2.
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