Determinación de los cambios bioquimicos para predecir el desarrollo de escaldadura superficial en peras

Gabriela Calvo; Adrián Dario Colodner; Maria Dolores Raffo; Josefina del Brio; Andrea Lucia Castro

Autores/as

Gabriela Calvo Investigadora de INTA
Adrián Dario Colodner Investigador de INTA
Maria Dolores Raffo Investigadora de INTA
Josefina del Brio Investigadora de INTA
Andrea Lucia Castro Becaria INTA CONICET

Palabras clave:

fisiopatía, trienos conjugados, umbral crítico, predicción

Resumen

Durante la postcosecha de peras, se pueden expresar fisiopatias como escaldado superficial (ES). La misma, resulta de un proceso oxidativo, siendo la severidad proporcional al grado de oxidación de α-farnesenos (AF) a trienos conjugados (TC). El objetivo de este trabajo fue comprender los cambios bioquímicos que subyacen al desarrollo del ES y determinar los valores de umbral critico de TC en peras Beurré D´Anjou (BD), Packham´s Triumph (PT), Abate Fetel (AF), Rocha(R) y Williams (W). Los frutos se conservaron en frío convencional 240 días. Se determinó mensualmente: producción de etileno, parámetros de madurez, incidencia de ES, contenido de AF, TC, ácido ascórbico (AA), polifenoles (PF) y capacidad antioxidante total (DPPH). Los cultivares presentaron diferente susceptibilidad y patrón de manifestación de ES, correlacionado con el patrón de acumulación TC. Las peras BD fueron las más sensibles a la escaldadura, con una pendiente de acumulación de TC mayor. En BD el umbral fue alto, intermedio en PT y bajo en W, R y AF. BD presentó los menores valores de DPPH, AA y PF a cosecha y durante el almacenamiento. Las variedades de peras demostraron distinta sensibilidad a ES. Se estableció el umbral crítico para cada una.

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