Hidróxidos dobles laminares (HDL): fundamentos, avances y perspectivas

Brenda Katerine Castañeda Guzmán; Jorge Arturo Moreno Cascante; Jairo Antonio Cubillos Lobo

doi:10.24215/23143991e010

Autores/as

Brenda Katerine Castañeda Guzmán Universidad Pedagógica y Tecnológica de Colombia, Colombia https://orcid.org/0009-0004-9829-2087
Jorge Arturo Moreno Cascante Universidad Pedagógica y Tecnológica de Colombia, Colombia https://orcid.org/0000-0003-1698-6903
Jairo Antonio Cubillos Lobo Universidad Pedagógica y Tecnológica de Colombia, Colombia https://orcid.org/0000-0002-0700-5942

DOI:

https://doi.org/10.24215/23143991e010

Palabras clave:

HDL, dopaje metálico, síntesis ecológica, degradación, sostenibilidad

Resumen

Los hidróxidos dobles laminares (HDL) son materiales aniónicos con una estructura flexible y una alta capacidad de intercambio iónico (entre 200 y 520 meq/100 g), que depende de la composición, la proporción de cationes, el anión interlaminar y el método de síntesis. lo que los hace muy versátiles y útiles en diversas aplicaciones ambientales, energéticas, biomédicas y en la catálisis industrial. En la actualidad los HDL han mantenido un gran interés en el ámbito científico e industrial debido a sus múltiples usos, en los que se destaca su utilidad como soporte catalítico en la degradación de contaminantes orgánicos presentes en aguas residuales cuyo origen son los fármacos y colorantes comerciales. En esta revisión se presentan los fundamentos sobre la estructura y composición química, y las propiedades más importantes de los HDL. Además, se discute el dopaje metálico como estrategia de modificación de su estructura y composición, y se describen los compuestos híbridos basados en HDL como una clase de materiales obtenidos mediante la incorporación de moléculas u otras fases funcionales, sus efectos y contribuciones en la mejora de su desempeño catalítico. De igual forma, se discuten los avances en la síntesis ecológica, orientados al aprovechamiento de residuos tanto industriales como recursos naturales, contribuyendo así a procesos ambientalmente aceptables y económicamente rentables. Finalmente, se abordan las perspectivas y desafíos a futuro de los HDL, destacando su potencial como materiales multifuncionales para la remediación ambiental.

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