Control de podredumbres poscosecha causadas por Penicillium y Botrytis mediante la aplicación de recubrimientos comestibles y sustancias GRAS

Benjamín José Bertini; Mario Alberto Debes; Viviana Andrea Rapisarda; Luciana Cerioni; Sabrina Inés Volentini

Authors

Benjamín José Bertini Instituto Superior de Investigaciones Biológicas (INSIBIO), CONICET-UNT
Mario Alberto Debes Instituto Superior de Investigaciones Biológicas (INSIBIO), CONICET-UNT
Viviana Andrea Rapisarda Instituto Superior de Investigaciones Biológicas (INSIBIO), CONICET-UNT
Luciana Cerioni Instituto Superior de Investigaciones Biológicas (INSIBIO), CONICET-UNT
Sabrina Inés Volentini Instituto Superior de Investigaciones Biológicas (INSIBIO), CONICET-UNT

Keywords:

Penicillium digitatum, Botritys cinérea, lemons, tomatoes, potassium sorbate

Abstract

Fruit and vegetable production deals with economic losses due to pre- and post-harvest fungal rots in the Northwest of Argentina. Chemical fungicides are applied to combat mentioned rots, leading to the appearance of resistant strains and environmental contamination. Looking for sustainable alternatives, we evaluated the formulation of edible coatings made of cassava starch (Alm) and glycerol supplemented with low toxicity substances: potassium sorbate (SK) and polyhexamethyleneguanidine (PHMG) to control local phytopathogens isolates. Different concentrations were tested and the chosen formulation was 5% Alm and 1.6% glycerol, which was supplemented with 3 or 6% SK; 500 or 1000ppm of PHMG or 10ppm of graduate A+®. Films containing 3% SK and 500ppm PHMG were capable of inhibiting the in vitro growth of Penicillium digitatum, P. italicum, Botrytis cinérea and P. expansum. In in vivo tests, these coatings were applied to lemons inoculated with P. digitatum and tomatoes inoculated with B. cinérea, resulting in a significant reduction of both rots when coatings contained 6% SK. These results show the potential use of coatings formulated with natural compounds to the control of postharvest fungal rots.

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Boletin Oficial República Argentina - Secretaría de Regulación y Gestión Sanitaria y Secretaría de Alimentos y Bioeconomía - Resolución Conjunta 5/2019.

Boletín oficial República Argentina – Secretaría de Políticas, Regulación e Institutos A.N.M.A.T – Disposición N° 7668 – 12 de Julio 2017.