Genetic diversity analysis of a Criollo Argentino horses population using single nucleotide polymorphisms of IL12B and TNF-α genes

Abstract

Characterization of genetic resources is a key step in the pursuit of its use and conservation. Criollo Argentino is one of the iconic breeds of the equine species in Argentina, and therefore a local livestock patrimony that represents a unique resource in terms of productive system and identity of the country. The aim of this work was to analyze a population of Criollo Argentino horses from the north of Argentina by characterizing the genetic variability of four single nucleotide polymorphisms (SNP) located in the genes that encode for IL-12 and TNF-α cytokines. Hair samples from 50 Criollo Argentino horses were collected to isolate genomic DNA, and genotype by PCR-PyrosequencingTM, three SNPs located in the TNF-α gene promoter region, and one located in exon 5 of IL-12B gene. Genic and genotypic frequencies were estimated, as well as Hardy-Weinberg equilibrium and genetic diversity. Two alleles were detected in IL-12B, while TNF-α showed four haplotypes, one of which never described up until now in horses. Results show that genetic diversity was higher in TNF-α (He=0.764) and IL-12B is in equilibrium (p-value≥0.05). This shows the importance of Criollo Argentino breed as an interesting genetic pool for the study of genetic characteristics and diseases of the equine species.