In vitro evaluation of the antimicrobial, antioxidant and DNA protective activities of an ethanolic extract of rosemary (Rosmarinus officinalis L.)
DOI:
https://doi.org/10.24215/15142590e026Keywords:
rosemary, antibiofilm, antioxidant, antigenotoxicAbstract
The aim of the present work was to evaluate the antimicrobial, antibiofilm, antioxidant and DNA protective activities of a rosemary (Rosmarinus officinalis L.) ethanolic extract. The antimicrobial activity evaluation was carried out by the well diffusion method, and determinations of minimum inhibitory concentration (MIC) and minimum bactericidal concentration (MBC) in 96-well plates using two gram (+) and three gram (-) bacteria. Determination of the inhibitory activity on biofilm formation was carried out with the microorganism which showed the highest sensitivity to the antimicrobial activity of rosemary, using a 96-well plate technique. Quantification of antioxidant and antigenotoxic activities was carried out on goat leukocytes exposed to the extract and to H2O2, by quantifying lipoperoxidation and DNA damage (comet assay), respectively. Results obtained indicate that there could be a greater sensitivity of the gram (+) microorganisms to the rosemary extract (MIC/MBC 312.5/1250 and 312.5/2500 μg/ml for S. aureus and S. epidermidis, respectively), while no sensitivity was evidenced in the gram (-) bacteria evaluated. An inhibitory activity on biofilm formation for S. aureus in 96-well plate, even at subinhibitory concentrations, was found. Finally, it was demonstrated that the extract of rosemary presents a DNA protective activity in goat cells, which could be linked to an antioxidant effect. Further research on the antimicrobial capacity of rosemary extract is required in order to evaluate the possibility of using it in vivo for the treatment of chronic infections related to the presence of biofilm.
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