Modelos forenses experimentales para la estimación del intervalo postmortem (IPM) sobre restos de Sus scrofa domesticus
Variaciones ambientales en humedales del Conurbano Bonaerense, Provincia de Buenos Aires, Argentina
DOI:
https://doi.org/10.24215/18536387e101Palabras clave:
antropología forense, estimación del intervalo post mortem, modelos experimentalesResumen
La estimación del intervalo post mortem (IPM) puede obtenerse a partir del testimonio de testigos oculares u otro tipo de pruebas ante mortem, como el historial obtenido mediante el uso de dispositivos electrónicos o secuencias de video. Sin embargo, estas fuentes testimoniales, si están disponibles, no suelen cubrir el historial completo de una investigación. En este sentido, los investigadores deberán utilizar diferentes estrategias metodológicas, sean físicas o químicas para estimar el intervalo post mortem. El estudio sistemático a lo largo de un año calendario posibilitó la construcción de secuencias predictivas de descomposición a partir del registro de la temperatura y la humedad en dos ambientes diferentes dentro de sectores de humedales en el Conurbano Bonaerense, lo cual dio como resultado un instrumento metodológico para estimar el IPM en restos biológicos de cerdos (Sus scrofa domesticus) de 35-40 kg. La estimación del intervalo post mortem se basa, en gran medida, en los cambios presentes en el cuerpo. Sin embargo, los factores climáticos y el contexto de depositación de los restos biológicos son factores críticos para tener en cuenta en la cronología de este proceso. Aunque los científicos forenses puedan acceder a una gran cantidad de información técnica/metodológica para estimar el tiempo de muerte, deben tener conocimientos previos sobre el proceso de descomposición a nivel local para ofrecer una estimación del intervalo post mortem que pueda ser útil en una investigación medicolegal.
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