Modelos forenses experimentais para a estimativa do intervalo post-mortem (IPM) em remanescentes de Sus scrofa domesticus
Variações ambientais em áreas úmidas da Área Metropolitana de Buenos Aires, Província de Buenos Aires, Argentina
DOI:
https://doi.org/10.24215/18536387e101Palavras-chave:
antropologia forense, modelos experimentais, estimativa do intervalo post-mortemResumo
A estimativa do intervalo post-mortem (IPM) pode ser obtida a partir de depoimentos de testemunhas oculares ou outros tipos de evidências ante-mortem, como o histórico obtido por meio do uso de dispositivos eletrônicos ou sequências de vídeo. No entanto, essas fontes de depoimentos, se disponíveis, geralmente não cobrem o histórico completo de uma investigação. Nesse sentido, os pesquisadores devem utilizar diferentes estratégias metodológicas, sejam físicas ou químicas, para estimar o intervalo post mortem. O estudo sistemático ao longo de um ano civil possibilitou a construção de sequências preditivas de decomposição a partir do registro de temperatura e umidade em dois ambientes diferentes dentro de setores de áreas úmidas na área metropolitana de Buenos Aires, resultando em um instrumento metodológico para estimar o IPM em remanescentes biológicos de suínos (Sus scrofa domesticus) de 3540 kg. A estimativa do intervalo post-mortem baseia-se, em grande medida, nas alterações presentes no corpo; no entanto, fatores climáticos e o contexto de deposição dos restos biológicos são fatores críticos a serem considerados na cronologia deste processo. Embora os cientistas forenses possam ter acesso a uma grande quantidade de informações técnicas/metodológicas para estimar a hora da morte, eles devem ter conhecimento prévio do processo de decomposição em nível local para oferecer uma estimativa do intervalo post-mortem que possa ser útil em uma investigação médico-legal.
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