Responsabilidad del psicólogo en investigación con participantes vulnerables. El caso de los niños y las niñas
Keywords:
responsabilidad, investigación, autonomía, vulnerabilidadAbstract
El propósito de este trabajo es presentar parte del marco conceptual del proyecto de investigación “Responsabilidad científica en investigación con humanos: un estudio sobre las perspectivas de los alumnos de Psicología de la Universidad Nacional de La Plata”. Dicho estudio relevará las perspectivas y opiniones de estudiantes del ciclo superior de la Licenciatura en Psicología sobre la ética científica y la responsabilidad en investigación con humanos.
Se realiza un análisis del concepto de responsabilidad, contemplando su significación etimológica y abordando la dimensión intersubjetiva y pública de un acto profesional responsable en su sentido ético y jurídico. A continuación, se analiza la responsabilidad del científico en encuadre de investigación social en general, y psicológica en particular, sobre la base de documentos internacionales de derechos humanos y principios éticos para la investigación, especialmente para el caso de sujetos en condiciones de relativa autonomía o de vulnerabilidad. Finalmente, se presentan los principios éticos para la investigación psicológica con niños y niñas y sus adecuaciones necesarias.
Consideramos que la reflexión y las capacidades ético-deontológicas forman parte importante en la formación de grado de los futuros profesionales, y que este tipo de investigaciones puede contribuir al fortalecimiento de prácticas científico-profesionales más justas y responsables.
The main aim of this work is to present part of the conceptual frame adopted in the research project on the “Scientific responsibility in research on humans: a study on the Psychology students’ perspective at the National University of La Plata”. The study mentioned will reveal the perspectives and opinions, given by students belonging to the superior cycle of the Licenciatura in Psychology, regarding scientific ethics and responsibility in research on humans.
We proceed to an analysis of the concept of responsibility, taking into consideration its etymological meaning and focusing on the intersubjective and public dimension in a professional and responsible act, in its ethical and legal sense. Next, we analyze the scientist’s responsibility, in social research in general and psychological research in particular, in the use of international databases on human rights and ethical principles for research, especially in the studies conducted on subjects in situations of relative autonomy or vulnerability. Finally, we present the ethical principles for psychological research on children and its necessary modifications according to the subjects in question.
We consider that reflection and ethical and deontological capacities are an important part of the degree education for future professionals, and that this type of research can contribute to the strengthening of more just and responsible scientific-professional practices.
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