Make history or be history: Lyndon Johnson, Joe Biden and the debate on transformational leadership

Authors

  • Nicolas Alesso Centro de Investigaciones en Política y Economía Internacional, Universidad Nacional de Rosario, Instituto de Relaciones Internacionales, Universidad Nacional de La Plata, Argentina

DOI:

https://doi.org/10.24215/23142766e185

Keywords:

Joe Biden, United States, foreign policy, domestic policy, presidential leadership

Abstract

In light of the debate on Joseph Biden’s type of leadership, this article posits that the division between transformational and transactional leadership, and the comparisons among presidencies, mainly focuses on domestic policy. Thus, the theoretical framework for this work is rests on International Relations’ studies on political leadership. The analysis proposed here is twofold. First, a comparison between Lyndon Baines Johnson and Joseph Biden Jr.’s leaderships will be introduced on three axes: previous experience, domestic and international contexts at the time of ascension to power, and leadership building. Second, focus will shift towards Biden’s leadership both at domestic and international levels, regarding three issues: Build Back Better, the COVID-19 pandemic, and the America is back strategy.

Downloads

Download data is not yet available.

Author Biography

Nicolas Alesso, Centro de Investigaciones en Política y Economía Internacional, Universidad Nacional de Rosario, Instituto de Relaciones Internacionales, Universidad Nacional de La Plata, Argentina

Licenciado en Relaciones Internacionales, Universidad Católica de Santa Fe. Maestrando en International Education Policy, University of Maryland. Investigador Auxiliar del Centro de Investigaciones en Política y Economía Internacional (CIPEI), Universidad Nacional de Rosario. Miembro del Departamento de Eurasia, Instituto de Relaciones Internacionales, Universidad Nacional de La Plata (IRI, UNLP).

References

Anderson, D. (16 de abril de 2021). Forget FDR and LBJ; meet JRB, Biden is the progressive president of our times. Baltimore Sun. https://www.baltimoresun.com/2021/04/16/forget-fdr-and-lbj-meet-jrb-biden-is-the-progressive-president-of-our-times-commentary/

Aronoff, K. (18 de marzo de 2021). The Biden-LBJ Comparisons Are Overblown. The New Republic. https://newrepublic.com/article/161749/biden-lbj-fdr-comparisons-climate

Ashbee, E. y Hurst, S. (2020). The Trump foreign policy record and the concept of transformational change. Global Affairs, 6(1), 5-19. https://doi.org/10.1080/23340460.2020.1734954

Bass, B. (1985). Leadership and performance beyond expectations. Free Press.

Behm, A. (2016). It’s time for a transformational foreign policy. The Strategist. https://www.aspistrategist.org.au/time-transformational-foreign-policy/

Biden, J. (2020). Why America must lead again. Rescuing U.S. foreign policy after Trump. Foreign Affairs. https://www.foreignaffairs.com/articles/united-states/2020-01-23/why-america-must-lead-again

Biden, J. (20 de enero de 2021). Inaugural address by President Joseph R. Biden, Jr. The White House. https://www.whitehouse.gov/briefing-room/speeches-remarks/2021/01/20/inaugural-address-by-president-joseph-r-biden-jr/

Biden, J. (21 de septiembre de 2021). Remarks by President Biden before the 76th session of the United Nations General Assembly. The White House. https://www.whitehouse.gov/briefing-room/speeches-remarks/2021/09/21/remarks-by-president-biden-before-the-76th-session-of-the-united-nations-general-assembly/

Biden, J. (4 de febrero de 2021). Remarks by President Biden on America’s place in the world. The White House. https://www.whitehouse.gov/briefing-room/speeches-remarks/2021/02/04/remarks-by-president-biden-on-americas-place-in-the-world/

Brooks, D. (11 de marzo de 2021). Joe Biden is a transformational president. The New York Times. https://www.nytimes.com/2021/03/11/opinion/biden-covid-relief-bill.html

Burns, J. M. (1982). Leadership. Harper Collins.

Burns, J. M. (2004). Transforming leadership: A new pursuit of happiness. Grove Press.

Busso, A. (2008). Identidad y fuerzas profundas en Estados Unidos. Excepcionalismo, tradición liberal-tradición conservadora, aislacionismo-internacionalismo, política y religión: su impacto en la política exterior. En A. Busso (Comp.), Fuerzas profundas e identidad. Reflexiones en torno a su impacto sobre la política exterior. Un recorrido de casos. UNR Editora.

Clinton, H. (11 de octubre de 2011). America’s pacific century and the pivot to Asia. Foreign Policy. https://foreignpolicy.com/2011/10/11/americas-pacific-century/

Clinton, H. (17 de noviembre de 2011). America’s Pacific Century. U.S. Department of State. https://2009-2017.state.gov/secretary/20092013clinton/rm/2011/11/176999.htm

Collison, S. y Hu, C. (1 de abril de 2021). Will Joe Biden take his place alongside FDR and LBJ? CNN. https://edition.cnn.com/2021/04/01/world/meanwhile-in-america-april-1-intl/index.html

Edwards, L. (3 de mayo 2021). Will Biden be a transformational leader? The Heritage Foundation. https://www.heritage.org/progressivism/commentary/will-biden-be-transformational-president

Elving, R. (17 de abril de 2021). Can Biden join FDR and LBJ in the Democratic Party's pantheon?. NPR. https://www.npr.org/2021/04/17/985980593/can-biden-join-fdr-and-lbj-in-the-democratic-partys-pantheon

Estados Unidos superó el umbral de los 700 mil muertos por coronavirus. (2 de octubre de 2021). France 24. https://www.france24.com/es/ee-uu-y-canad%C3%A1/20211002-eeuu-pandemia-700-mil-muertos

Garton Ash, T. (2008). The world needs the US to get over its cultural civil war –and fast. The Guardian. https://www.theguardian.com/commentisfree/2008/oct/09/uselections2008.barackobama

Germany, K. (s.f.). Lyndon B. Johnson: Foreign Affairs. Miller Center. https://millercenter.org/president/lbjohnson/foreign-affairs

Glasser, S. (1 de abril de 2021). Is Biden really the second coming of F.D.R. and L.B.J.? The New Yorker. https://www.newyorker.com/news/letter-from-bidens-washington/is-biden-really-the-second-coming-of-fdr-and-lbj

Golden, C. (19 de septiembre de 2021). Biden putting Andrew Jackson's theory of executive power to the test. Tulsa World. https://tulsaworld.com/opinion/columnists/column-biden-putting-andrew-jacksons-theory-of-executive-power-to-the-test/article_a8bbfd66-16a6-11ec-bf9b-4b93df9010a3.html

Haass, R. (29 de septiembre de 2021). The age of America First. Washington’s flawed new foreign policy consensus. Foreign Affairs. https://www.foreignaffairs.com/articles/united-states/2021-09-29/biden-trump-age-america-first

Hall, P. A. (1993). Policy paradigms, social learning, and the state: The case of economic policymaking in Britain. Comparative Politics, 25(3), 275–296. https://doi.org/10.2307/422246

House of Representatives. (22 de diciembre de 2022). Final report of the Select Committee to Investigate the january 6th attack on the United States Capitol. www.govinfo.gov/content/pkg/GPO-J6-REPORT/html-submitted/index.html

Jervis, R. (2013). Do leaders matter and how would we know? Security Studies, 22(2), 153-179. https://doi.org/10.1080/09636412.2013.786909

Johnson, L. (1964). Remarks at the University of Michigan.

Kane, J. (2016). Leadership and International Politics. Georgetown Journal of Asian Affairs, 2(2).

Krauthammer, C. (31 de julio de 1995). Why me must contain China. Time. https://content.time.com/time/subscriber/article/0,33009,983245-1,00.html

Lasagna, M. (2011). Las determinantes internas de la política exterior: un tema descuidado en la teoría de la política exterior. Estudios Internacionales, 28(111). https://doi.org/10.5354/0719-3769.1995.15322

McCormick, J. (2004). The foreign policy of George W. Bush administration. En S. Schier (Ed.), High risk and big ambition: The presidency of George W. Bush (pp.189-223). University of Pittsburgh Press.

Milligan, S. (30 de abril de 2021). Biden goes from transitional to transformational in first 100 days. U.S. News. https://www.usnews.com/news/the-report/articles/2021-04-30/biden-goes-from-transitional-to-transformational-in-first-100-days

Morgenthau, H. (1946). Scientific man vs. power politics. University of Chicago Press.

Moyn, S. (2 de mayo de 2021). What kind of fear is stopping Joe Biden? The New York Times. https://www.nytimes.com/2021/05/02/opinion/joe-biden-100-days.html

Mueller, J. y Stewart, M. (30 de septiembre de 2021). America the humble. Foreign Affairs. https://www.foreignaffairs.com/articles/united-states/2021-09-30/america-humble

Nye, J. (2010). The future of american power: Dominance and decline in perspective. Foreign Affairs, 89(6), 2-12. https://www.jstor.org/stable/20788711

Nye, J. (2013). Presidential leadership and the creation of the American era. Princeton University Press.

Pew Research Center (12 de junio de 2014). Political polarization in the American public. https://www.pewresearch.org/politics/2014/06/12/political-polarization-in-the-american-public/

Putnam, R. (1988). Diplomacy and domestic politics: The logic of two-level games. International Organization, 42(3), 427-460. https://www.jstor.org/stable/2706785

Restad, H. E. (2012). Old paradigms in history die hard in political science: US foreign policy and American exceptionalism. American Political Thought, 1(1), 53-76. https://doi.org/10.1086/664586

Rose, G. (2020). Come home, America? Foreign Affairs, 99(2).

Saad, L. (5 de diciembre de 2016). Gallup vault: A country unified after Pearl Harbor. https://news.gallup.com/vault/199049/gallup-vault-country-unified-pearl-harbor.aspx

The 2000 campaign; 2nd presidential debate between Gov. Bush and Vice President Gore. (12 de octubre de 2020). The New York Times. https://www.nytimes.com/2000/10/12/us/2000-campaign-2nd-presidential-debate-between-gov-bush-vice-president-gore.html

The White House. (2021). La agenda para una mejor reconstrucción. https://www.whitehouse.gov/es/la-agenda-para-una-mejor-reconstruccion/

The White House. (2022, febrero). Indo-Pacific strategy of the United States. https://www.whitehouse.gov/briefing-room/speeches-remarks/2022/02/11/fact-sheet-indo-pacific-strategy-of-the-united-states/

U.S. Department of State. (4 de noviembre de 2019). A free and open Indo-Pacific: Advancing a shared vision. https://www.state.gov/a-free-and-open-indo-pacific-advancing-a-shared-vision/

Unger, D. (2016). The foreign policy legacy of Barack Obama. The International Spectator, 51(4), 1-16. https://doi.org/10.1080/03932729.2016.1227914

Waltz, K. (2001). Man, the state, and war: A theoretical analysis. Columbia University Press.

Winthrop, J. (1630). A model of christian charity.

Zelizer, E. (2015). The fierce urgency of now. Lyndon Johnson, the Congress and the battle for the great society. Penguin Books.

Published

2024-03-27

How to Cite

Alesso, N. (2024). Make history or be history: Lyndon Johnson, Joe Biden and the debate on transformational leadership. International Relations, 185. https://doi.org/10.24215/23142766e185

Issue

Section

Estudios