The biochemical evaluation of canine proteinuria in the veterinary clinical analysis laboratory
Evaluación bioquímica de la proteinuria en caninos
DOI:
https://doi.org/10.24215/15142590e044Keywords:
dogs, refractometry, osmometry, proteinuria, urineAbstract
Proteinuria in dogs and cats is associated with renal morbidity and can be used as a risk marker for the evolution of renal disease and response to treatments. However, there is a controversy about proteinuria values in healthy dogs. The objective of this study was to determine urinary protein concentration values that can occur in healthy dogs using analytical methodology available in the veterinary clinical analysis laboratory. Interpretation of results obtained in the urinalysis requires normalization regarding the patient's hydration status. For this reason the proteinuria data obtained were normalized to the concentration of urinary creatinine (protein/creatinine ratio). Seventy four urine samples from healthy animals and animals with different diseases were analyzed. Animals were grouped based on proteinuria < 300 mg/l (45 samples) and proteinuria > 300 mg/l (29 samples). The protein/creatinine ratio was determined in all samples. Results showed that proteinuria up to 300 mg/l associated with a protein/creatinine ratio of less than 0.300 does not necessarily indicate a pathological proteinuria.
Downloads
Metrics
References
Biggs HG, Cooper JM. 1961. Modified Folin methods for the measurement of urinary creatine and creatinine. Clinical Chemistry. 7(6):655-64. https://doi.org/10.1093/clinchem/7.6.655
Goren MP, Wright RK, Li JT. 1985. Total protein concentrations determined for CAP urine survey specimens with Coomassie Brilliant Blue reagent are dilution dependent. Clinical Chemistry. 31(10):1771-2.
Iijima S, Cho H, Sakai N, Shiba K, Toyoshima Y, Nishida K, Kobayashi S. 2003. Development of a new method for measuring total urinary protein using acid violet 6B pigment. Journal Clinical Laboratory Analysis. 17(5):147-54. https://doi.org/10.1002/jcla.10085
International Renal Interest Society (IRIS) guidelines: IRIS staging of CDK, 2019. Disponible en: http://www.iriskidney.com/pdf/IRIS_Staging_of_CKD_modified_2019.pdf. [Consultado noviembre 13, 2019].
Lees GE, Brown SA, Elliott J, Grauer GF, Vaden SL. 2005. Assessment and management of proteinuria in dogs and cats: 2004 ACVIM Forum Consensus Statement (Small Animal). Journal of Veterinary Internal Medicine. 19(3):377-85. https://doi.org/10.1892/0891-6640(2005)19[377:aamopi]2.0.co;2
Marshall T, Williams KM. 2003. Total protein determination in urine: aminoglycoside interference. Clinical Chemistry. 49(1):202-3. https://doi.org/10.1373/49.1.202
Marshall T, Williams KM. 2004. Elimination of the interference from aminoglycoside antibiotics in the pyrogallol red-molybdate protein dye-binding assay. Clinical Chemistry. 50(9):1674-5. https://doi.org/10.1373/clinchem.2004.036392
Rodríguez JV, Colla C, Ginés MB, Schröder G. 2018. Determinación de la concentración de solutos en orinas de pacientes caninos: comparación de osmometría versus densidad urinaria (refractometría y tiras reactivas). Analecta Veterinaria. 38(1):45-9. https://doi.org/10.24215/15142590e024
Rossi G, Giori L, Campagnola S, Zatelli A, Zini E, Paltrinieri S. 2012. Evaluation of factors that affect analytic variability of urine protein-to-creatinine ratio determination in dogs. American Journal of Veterinary Research. 73(6):779-88. https://doi.org/10.2460/ajvr.73.6.779
Rossi G, Bertazzolo W, Binella M, Scarpa P, Paltrinieri S. 2016. Measurement of proteinuria in dogs: analytic and diagnostic differences using 2 laboratory methods. Veterinary Clinical Pathology. 45(3):450-8. https://doi.org/10.1111/vcp.12388
Shahangian S, Brown PI, Ash KO. 1986. More on the dilution dependence of the Coomassie Brilliant Blue technique for urinary protein. Clinical Chemistry. 32(2):403.
Sink CA, Weinstein NM. 2012. Chapter 3: Routine urinalysis: physical properties. En: Urine practical veterinary urinalysis. West Sussex, UK: Wiley-Blackwell. pp. 23-4.
Trumel C, Diquélou A, Lefebvre H, Braun JP. 2004. Inaccuracy of routine creatinine measurement in canine urine. Veterinary Clinical Pathology. 33(3):128-32. https://doi.org/10.1111/j.1939-165X.2004.tb00361.x
Tvedten H. 2016. Urine protein total concentration in clinically normal dogs. Veterinary Clinical Pathology. 45(3):395-6. https://doi.org/10.1111/vcp.12379
Waldrop JE. 2008. Urinary electrolytes, solutes, and osmolality. Veterinary Clinical North America Small Animal Practice. 38(3):503-12. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.cvsm.2008.01.011
Published
How to Cite
Issue
Section
License
Authors retain the copyright and assign to the journal the right of the first publication, with the with the terms of the Creative Commons attribution license. This type of license allows other people to download the work and share it, as long as credit is granted for the authorship, but does not allow them to be changed in any way or used them commercially.
Analecta Veterinaria by School of Veterinary Sciences, National University of La Plata is distributed under a Creative Commons Attribution-NonCommercial-NoDeriv 4.0 International License.