El tercer gran salto: los coronavirus animales en América Latina

Autores/as

  • Santiago Emanuel Colina CEMIBA, FCV, UNLP
  • Carolina Gabriela Aspitia
  • Juan Pablo Nogueiras
  • María Soledad Serena
  • María Gabriela Echeverría
  • Germán Ernesto Metz

DOI:

https://doi.org/10.24215/15142590e059

Palabras clave:

Coronavirus, Medicina Veterinaria, América Latina, SARS-CoV-2

Resumen

Una partícula viral de aproximadamente 120 nm ha modificado totalmente lo que sucede en nuestro mundo de 12.000 km de diámetro. La primera epidemia del coronavirus del síndrome respiratorio agudo grave (SARS), y luego la del síndrome respiratorio de Oriente Medio (MERS), alertaron del potencial de transmisión entre especies de esta familia viral. Sin embargo, no fue hasta su tercer gran salto con la pandemia del SARS-CoV-2 que el foco de toda la comunidad científica se centró en ellos. Existen diversos saltos interespecies reportados en medicina veterinaria que no son más que intentos de los coronavirus de perfeccionar su potencial de transmisión para llegar a más de 7 mil millones de huéspedes en quienes replicar. Este artículo describe las características morfológicas y genéticas de los coronavirus, su particular mecanismo de replicación y cómo este influye en su diseminación. Del mismo modo, se describen signos clínicos, lesiones, variantes antigénicas y control mediante vacunación de los principales coronavirus asociados a diferentes especies animales, con un especial énfasis en los antecedentes reportados sobre coronavirus en América Latina.

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2021-12-20

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Colina, S. E., Aspitia, C. G., Nogueiras, J. P., Serena, M. S., Echeverría, M. G., & Metz, G. E. (2021). El tercer gran salto: los coronavirus animales en América Latina. Analecta Veterinaria, 41(2), 059. https://doi.org/10.24215/15142590e059

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