Los desafíos antárticos de la Argentina en el siglo XXI

Mariano  Memolli

doi:10.24215/26183188e056

Autores

Mariano Memolli

DOI:

https://doi.org/10.24215/26183188e056

Palavras-chave:

Antártica, Sistema do Tratado da Antártica, Programa Antártico Argentino, Soberania Argentina na Antártica

Resumo

A República Argentina tem uma longa história na Antártica, que começa no Governo das Províncias Unidas do Río de La Plata, continua em 1904 com a criação da primeira base científica do mundo, a Base das Orcadas, e continua até os dias de hoje com a existência de mais de uma dezena de bases no território antártico. No século 21, a atividade científica e seu apoio logístico serão centrais para enfrentar os desafios que se apresentam. As novas estratégias dos principais atores participantes do Sistema do Tratado da Antártida sugerem uma profunda transformação conceitual, política, cultural e operacional do problema antártico. Este artigo analisa, entre outras questões, os desafios que a Argentina enfrenta. Discute-se como as vantagens comparativas do Programa Antártico Argentino para enfrentar esses desafios não são suficientes para sustentar o nível de presença territorial adequada na Antártica e propõe-se uma série de medidas para fortalecer essa presença de forma integral.

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