Identificando señales de evolución no estocástica en la morfología craneofacial de poblaciones humanas modernas/Identifying signals of non stochastic evolution on modern human cranial morphology

Autores/as

  • Soledad de Azevedo
  • Héctor M. Pucciarelli
  • José L. Lanata
  • Rolando González-José

Resumen

RESUMEN Las poblaciones humanas varían significativamente en su morfología craneana. Aún se debate hasta dónde ésta variabilidad se ha acumulado a través de procesos neutrales (e.g. deriva genética) o bien por efecto de la selección natural. Entender los procesos evolutivos que dieron origen a esta variación es una de las metas de la biología humana en particular y de la biología evolutiva en general. Para analizar la relación entre los patrones de cambio y variación morfológica observados y los esperados bajo un escenario de evolución neutral, aplicamos un modelo genético cuantitativo sobre una muestra muy amplia de poblaciones que abarcan el continente Americano, Asia y Oceanía. La morfología craneofacial se estudió a partir de medidas lineales correspondientes al método craneofuncional, en donde treinta variables métricas describen los distintos componentes funcionales observables en el cráneo. Los resultados indican que los procesos aleatorios, tales como la deriva genética, no son suficientes para explicar la variación morfológica del cráneo en las poblaciones humanas modernas.

ABSTRACT Human populations vary significantly in cranial morphology. It is still a matter of debate whether this variability has been accumulated through neutral processes (e.g. genetic drift) or natural selection. Understanding the evolutionary processes that gave rise to this variation is one of the goals of modern human biology. To examine the relationship between the patterns of morphological change and the observed versus the expected variation under a neutral evolution scenario, we applied a quantitative genetic model on a large sample of populations covering the Americas, Asia and Oceania. Craniofacial morphology was studied from linear measurements corresponding to the Functional Cranial method, where thirty metric variables describe the different functional components of the skull. Results indicated that random processes, such as drift alone, are not enough to explain the morphological variation of the modern human skull.

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Publicado

19.09.2012

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de Azevedo, S., Pucciarelli, H. M., Lanata, J. L., & González-José, R. (2012). Identificando señales de evolución no estocástica en la morfología craneofacial de poblaciones humanas modernas/Identifying signals of non stochastic evolution on modern human cranial morphology. Revista Argentina De Antropología Biológica, 14(1), 113–129. Recuperado a partir de https://revistas.unlp.edu.ar/raab/article/view/573

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